Evaluation of the infiltration rate in farm, forestry and grazing land in the Shullcas River's basin
Abstract
Objectives: Assess and determine land use with the highest rate of infiltration Shullcas river subwatershed. Methods: Was developed a basic and correlational investigation. The current land uses were identified and demarcated, according to Peruvian regulation of land classification for its use capacity major, in these areas was selected 32 points sampling randomly using ArcGIS software tools, where were measured infiltration, using double ring infiltrometers, were registered cover vegetation types and were sampled soil for analyze their clay content, sand content, silt content, moisture content, bulk density and porosity, in laboratory. Results: Average infiltration rates by type of land use, were: 25,52 cm/h for forestry land, 12,42 cm/h for agricultural land and 2,07 cm/h for grazing land; addition, only 12,63% of the subwatershed of the river has Shullcas representative infiltration of 0,2 cm/h 25 cm/h. Conclusions: The forestry lands has the highest rate average infiltration, classified as too rapid, agricultural land as rapid, and grazing land as moderate.References
1. Parchami-Araghi F, Majid S, Ghorbani S, Hossein M. Point estimation of soil water infiltration process using Artificial Neural Networks for some calcareous soils. Journal of Hydrology. 2013; 481:35-47.
2. Richards LA. Report of the Subcommittee on permeability and infiltration, Committee on Terminology. Soil Science Society of America. 1952; 16: 85-88.
3. Hillel D. Environmental Soil Physics. San Diego: Academic Press; 1998.
4. USDA [Internet]. Washington: Natural Resouces Conservation Service. 1998 [Citado el 10 de junio de 2013]. Soil quality indicators: Infiltration [2 páginas]. Disponible en: http://soils.usda.gov/sqi/publications/files/Infiltration.pdf
5. Akintoye O, Ukata S, Esomonye, H. The effects of landuse on the infiltration capacity of coastal plain soils of Calabar-Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Science and Technology. 2012; 2(2): 80-84.
6. Návar J, Synnott T. Soil infiltration and land use in Linares. Terra Latinoamericana. 2000; 18 (003): 255-262.
7. Wood MK, Blackburn W. Grazing systems: their influence on infiltration rates in the rolling plains of Texas. Journal of Range Management.1981; 34(4): 331-335.
8. Klingebiel AA, Montgomery PH. Landcapability classification. Washington: Soil Conservation Service United States Department of Agriculture; 1961.
9. Rawls W, Ahuja L, Brakensiek D, Shirmohammadi A. Infiltration and soil water movement. Texas: Maidment DR; 1993.
10. Wuest SB. Earthworm, infiltration, and tillage relationships in a dry land pea–wheat rotation. Applied Soil Ecology. 2001; 18(2): 187–192.
11. Makungo R, Odiyo J. Determination of steady state infiltration rates for different soil types in select areas of Thulamela Municipality, South Africa. 15th South African National Hydrology Symposium. Grahamstown: Rhodes University; 2011. Disponible en: http://www.ru.ac.za/static/institutes/iwr/SANCIAHS/2011/the.pdffiles/R_Makungo_Paper.pdf
12. Harden C, Delmas P. Infiltration on mountain slopes: a comparison of three environments. Geomorphology. 2003; (55): 5-24.
13. Allison LE, Bernstein L, Bower CA, Brown JW, Fireman M, Hatcher JT, et al. Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. Washington: United States Department of Agriculture; 1954.
14. Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú. Los cambios del clima y sus impactos en la disponibilidad hídrica y principales cultivos en la subcuenca del río Shullcas, Junín. Lima: SENAMHI/Zona Comunicaciones; 2012.
15. Guerrero J. Estudio agrometeorológico de la subcuenca del río Shullcas. Huancayo: Proyecto de adaptación al impacto del retroceso acelerado de glaciales en los Andes Tropicales/SENAMHI; 2012. Contrato N°: 046–2012-SGCAN.
16. Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú. Disponibilidad hídrica actual y futura al 2030 subcuenca Shullcas - Junín. Lima: Proyecto de Adaptación al Impacto del Retroceso Acelerado de Glaciales en los Andes Tropicales – PRAA/SENAMHI; 2011.
17. Administración Local del Agua Mantaro. Evaluación de recursos hídricos superficiales en la cuenca del río Mantaro. Lima: Autoridad Nacional del Agua/Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego; 2010.
18. Martínez A. Análisis de la vulnerabilidad ante los efectos del cambio climático y propuestas de adaptación en la ciudad de Huancayo. Lima: Fondo Editorial del Seminario Permanente de Investigación Agraria (SEPIA); 2007.
19. Dirección general de estudios y proyectos de recursos naturales. Caracterización de los recursos naturales renovables para el alivio a la pobreza en sierra - microcuenca Shullcas, Junín. Lima: Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales; 1997.
20. Intendencia de Recursos Hídricos. Delimitación y codificación de unidades hidrográficas del Perú. Lima: Ministerio de Agricultura; 2007.
21. Ministerio de Agricultura. Reglamento de clasificación de tierras por su capacidad de uso mayor. Lima: Dirección General de Asuntos Ambientales Agrarios; 2009. Decreto Supremo N° 017-2009-AG.
22. Food and Agriculture Organization. Colección FAO: Capacitación: Métodos sencillos para la acuicultura [CD-ROM]. Roma: FAO; 2003.
23. Landon JR. Tropical soil manual booker agriculture. Londres: International Limited; 1984.
24. Wahren A, Feger KH, Schwärzel K, Münch A. Land-use effects on flood generation-considering soil hydraulic conductivity measurements in modeling. Adv. Geosci. 2009; 21: 99-107.
25. Mapa RB. Effect of reforestation using Tectona grandis on infiltration and soil water retention. Forest Ecology and Management. 1995; 77(1-3): 119-125.
26. Mann L, Tolbert V. Soil sustainability in renewable biomass plantings. AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment. 2000; 29(8): 492–498.
27. Selim T. The effect of land use on soil infiltration rate in a heavy clay soil in Egypt. VATTEN. 2011; 67: 161-166.
28. Olson N, Gulliver J, Nieber J, Kayhanian M. Remediation to improve infiltration into compact soils. Journal of Environmental Management. 2013; 117: 85-95.
29. Egbai O, Uquetan I, Ewa E, Ndik E. Infiltration rate assessment of coastal plain (ultisols) soils for sustainable crop production in the frontiers of Calabar-Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development. 2011; 4(4): 222-229.
30. Martin D, Moody J. Comparison of soil infiltration rates in burned and unburned mountainous watersheds. Hydrological Processes. 2001; 15(15): 2893-2903.
31. Broersma K, Robertson J, Chanasyk D. Effect of different cropping systems on soil water properties of a Boralf soil. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 1995; 26(11-12): 1795-1811.
32. Hillel D. Introduction to soil physics. New York: Academic Press Inc; 1982.
33. Srinivasan K, Poongothai S. Assessment of Infiltration rate of a tank irrigation watershed of Wellington reservoir Tamilnadu. American Journal of Engineering Research. 2013; 2(7): 41-48.
34. Suárez E, Arcos E, Moreno C, Encalada AC, Álvarez M. Influence of vegetation types and ground cover on soil water infiltration capacity in a high-altitude páramo ecosystem. Avances en ciencias e ingenierías. 2013; 5(1): 14-21.
35. Bassey E, Imoke D, Comfort O. Evaluation of the infiltration capacity of soils in Akpabuyo Local Government area of cross river. Journal of Geography and Geology. 2011; 3(1): 189-199.
36. Neris J, Jiménez C, Fuentes J, Morillas G, Tejedor M. Vegetation and landuse effects on soil properties and water infiltration of andisols in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). Catena. 2012; 98: 55-62.
37. Huang J, Wu P, Zhao X. Effects of rainfall intensity, underlying surface and slope gradient on soil infiltration under simulated rainfall experiments. Catena. 2013; 104: 93-102.
38. Abu-Hashim MSD. Impact of landuse and land-management on the wáter infiltration capacity of soils on a catchment scale. [Tesis doctoral]. Braunschweig: Technischen Universität Carolo - Wilhelmina; 2011.
39. Harden C, Delmas P. Infiltration on mountain slopes: a comparison of three environments. Geomorphology. 2003; (55): 5-24.
40. Janeau J, Bricquet J, Planchon O, Valentin C. Soil crusting and infiltration on steep slopes in northern Thailand. European Journal of Soil Science. 2003; 54: 543-553.
41. Wilcox B, Wood M, Tromble J. Factors influencing infiltrability of semiarid mountain slopes. Journal of Range Management. 1988; 41(3): 197–206.
42. Bamutaze Y, Makooma M, Gilbert M, Vanacker V, Bagoora F, Magunda M, et al. Infiltration characteristics of volcanic sloping soils on Mountain Elgon, Eastern Ugada. Catena. 2010; 80(2): 122-130.
