Transformational Leadership and Sustainable Innovation: Evidence from the Peruvian Textile Sector
Abstract
This review article examines the influence of transformational leadership, internal and external support in driving organizational innovation, with a focus on micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in the Emporio Comercial de Gamarra in Lima, Peru. In a context marked by global competition and uncertainty, transformational leadership emerges as a strategic tool that motivates, inspires, and nurtures the creative potential of work teams, fostering a culture oriented toward change and continuous improvement. Sustainable innovation depends not only on leadership but also on an organizational environment that encourages participation, trust, and psychological safety, as well as on connections with external actors who provide complementary knowledge and resources. Despite facing structural limitations and pressure from imported products, Gamarra's MSEs have demonstrated resilience and adaptability. The article concludes that strengthening the innovation ecosystem requires coherent public policies, visionary leaders, and collaborative strategies that enhance the competitiveness of the national textile sector.
References
Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the Work Environment for Creativity. The Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1154-1184. https://doi.org/10.2307/256995
Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., Jung, D. I., & Berson, Y. (2003). Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 207-218. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.2.207
Choi, S. B., Kim, K., Ullah, S. M. E., & Kang, S.-W. (2016). How transformational leadership facilitates innovative behavior of Korean workers: Examining mediating and moderating processes. Personnel Review, 45(3), 459-479. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-03-2014-0058
De la Cruz Llatas, O. Y. (2023). El impacto del liderazgo en las empresas: Una revisión de la literatura 2018 – 2022. Revista Cientifica Disciplinares, 2(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.71727/disciplinares.v2i3.133
Den Hartog, D. N., VAN Muijen, J. J., & Koopman, P. L. (1997). Transactional versus transformational leadership: An analysis of the MLQ. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70(1), 19-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1997.tb00628.x
Drucker, P. (2014). Innovation and Entrepeneurship (HarperCollins E-books). https://rudyct.com/InovBis/Peter%20F.%20Drucker%20-%20Innovation%20and%20Entrepreneurship-1985.pdf
Elche-Hortelano, D., Martínez-Pérez, Á., & García-Villaverde, P. M. (2015). Bonding capital, explotación de conocimiento e innovación incremental en los clusters de turismo cultural: Las Ciudades Patrimonio de la Humanidad en España. Investigaciones Europeas de Dirección y Economía de La Empresa, 21(3), 120-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedee.2014.03.002
Elkins, T., & Keller, R. T. (2003). Leadership in research and development organizations: A literature review and conceptual framework. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(4-5), 587-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(03)00053-5
Gonos, J., & Gallo, P. (2013). Model for leadership style evaluation. Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 18(2), 157-168. https://hrcak.srce.hr/112644
Hogan, S. J., & Coote, L. V. (2014). Organizational culture, innovation, and performance: A test of Schein’s model. Journal of Business Research, 67(8), 1609-1621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.09.007
Hurtado-Palomino, A., De la Gala-Velásquez, B., & Ccorisapra-Quintana, J. (2022). The interactive effect of innovation capability and potential absorptive capacity on innovation performance. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(4), 100259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100259
INEI. (2018). INEI - Perú: Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar 2018—Nacional y Regional. https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1656/index1.html
Isaksen, S. G., Lauer, K. J., Ekvall, G., & Britz, A. (2001). Perceptions of the Best and Worst Climates for Creativity: Preliminary Validation Evidence for the Situational Outlook Questionnaire. Creativity Research Journal, 13(2), 171-184. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326934CRJ1302_5
Kanter, R. M. (1983). Los maestros del cambio: Innovación para la productividad en las empresas estadounidenses—Libro—Facultad e investigación—Harvard Business School. https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=8837
Khalili, A. (2016). Linking transformational leadership, creativity, innovation, and innovation-supportive climate. Management Decision, 54(9), 2277-2293. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-03-2016-0196
Kobarg, S., Stumpf-Wollersheim, J., & Welpe, I. M. (2019). More is not always better: Effects of collaboration breadth and depth on radical and incremental innovation performance at the project level. Research Policy, 48(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.07.014
Núñez, A. (2020, abril 19). El futuro de Gamarra: ¿qué podría pasar con el emporio comercial más grande del Perú? El Comercio. https://elcomercio.pe/somos/el-futuro-de-gamarra-que-podria-pasar-con-el-emporio-comercial-mas-grande-del-peru-noticia/
Phong, L. B., Hui, L., & Son, T. T. (2018). How Leadership and Trust in Leaders Foster Employees’ Behavior Toward Knowledge Sharing. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 46(5), 705-720. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6711
Scott, S. G., & Bruce, R. A. (1994). Determinants of innovative behavior: A path model of individual innovation in the workplace. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 580-607. https://doi.org/10.2307/256701
Si, S., & Chen, H. (2020). A literature review of disruptive innovation: What it is, how it works and where it goes. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 56, 101568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2020.101568
Warrick, D. D. (1981). Leadership Styles and Their Consequences. Journal of experimental learning and simulation, 3-4, 155-157. https://scispace.com/pdf/leadership-styles-and-their-consequences-1jzyk1gqsg.pdf
Copyright (c) 2025 Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
